Treatment

Because shingles often goes away on its own, many people are able to manage the pain with over-the-counter pain medications. However, it is important to see a doctor within three days so you and your doctor can decide on a treatment plan, including whether you will need antiviral medications. In people of advanced age or with a weakened immune system, a doctor should be called immediately, as shingles could pose a greater risk to their overall health.

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Acetaminophen (Tylenol) or over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) can be effective in relieving mild pain. For more severe pain, prescription NSAIDs or narcotic analgesics may be necessary. In some cases, oral corticosteroids (prednisone) can be prescribed to ease the discomfort, inflammation, pain, redness, and itching associated with shingles' rash and blisters. Common side effects of prednisone include elevation of blood pressure, increase in blood sugar, muscle weakness, and mood changes. Oral antihistamines may also help but can cause drowsiness.

Antiviral medication can also be helpful in shingles. To mitigate pain, limit the duration of symptoms, and prevent complications, antiviral medication should be started within 72 hours of the first sign of shingles. These medications, taken orally, include acyclovir (Zovirax), valacyclovir (Valtrex), and famciclovir (Famvir). A typical course of treatment lasts one week. These medications are tolerated very well with almost no side effects. The antivirals can help reduce the risk of eye complications if shingles infects the face.

The varicella-zoster virus does not usually flare up more than once in adults with normally functioning immune systems; fewer than 5 percent of people will experience a second shingles recurrence.

This section contains more information on treating complications of shingles:

Eye Problems

Ramsay Hunt Syndrome Type I

Postherpetic Neuralgia