Health Buzz: Pediatricians' Medical Errors and Other Health News

By U.S. News Staff

Posted: October 7, 2008

Medical Errors and Your Child

Many pediatricians polled in a recent survey say they're more likely to admit a medical error to the family of a child only if the error is obvious, according to a study published this month in Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. About 200 pediatricians in St. Louis and Seattle were surveyed about whether and how they would disclose medical errors to kids or their families. Fifty-three percent of those surveyed said they would definitely disclose errors. About 26 percent indicated they would apologize for errors, HealthDay reports.

"The findings very much fell in line with what we had seen in other specialties that have been surveyed, internal medicine physicians and surgeons specifically," David Loren, author of the study and an assistant professor of pediatrics at the University of Washington School of Medicine in Seattle, told HealthDay. "[But] our conversations carry more fear and weight because of the people we're disclosing to. They're stewards of children as well, and potentially harming children in our care weighs on the soul heavier."

In June, Adam Voiland of U.S. News explained that medical errors could become costly for California hospitals. A study published last year found that admitting to a medical mistake is often a physician's best strategy. Last week, Avery Comarow reported that hospitals treating Medicare patients must now pay for avoidable complications.

Blood Test Could Help Identify Down Syndrome Pregnancies

A blood test could offer a less risky alternative to amniocentesis in determining whether a fetus has Down syndrome, Reuters reports. Amniocentesis requires that a needle be inserted into the uterus, while the new test can be done using blood drawn from the mother. Down syndrome—the result of a baby having three copies of chromosome 21 rather than the normal two—causes mental retardation and other symptoms. The blood test also can identify other chromosomal conditions, including Edward syndrome and Patau syndrome, both of which can be deadly. A study that involved 18 women found that the blood test was accurate for nine women carrying babies with Down syndrome and three others whose fetuses had other chromosomal disorders, according to Reuters. A report on the study was published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

U.S. News's Deborah Kotz reported last year that all pregnant women, regardless of age, should get early testing for the risk of Down syndrome in their fetus.

"Easy" Pets May Pose Health Risks to Kids

The American Academy of Pediatrics recently warned parents that many "easy" pets—the ones that don't shed, don't need to be walked, and don't throw up on the sofa—pose serious health threats to young children. In the past few years, more and more families have turned to nontraditional pets, largely because they're considered easier to care for than cats and dogs. But they bring with them substantial health risks, particularly for children younger than 5.

U.S. News's Nancy Shute lists eight pets that pose health risks to kids.

Getting Information to Men With Diabetes

A recent survey conducted by the American Diabetes Association found that 30 percent of men with diabetes who responded claimed to know "a lot" about their condition, and only 25 percent reported eating nutritious meals. Sixty percent felt that more information could help them better manage the disease. And 65 percent said having more information would mean they would have useful conversations with caregivers about the condition. As a result, the organization put together a website for men with diabetes and is working to get the word out about how to manage the condition and the health problems it causes.

Adam Voiland names six facts that every man with diabetes should know. In August, Michelle Andrews of U.S. News listed seven steps newly diagnosed diabetics should take to improve their health, and Voiland explored whether your drinking water could give you diabetes.

—January W. Payne

using fan helps reduce SIDS

Study: Using fan on sleeping baby reduces risk of SIDS

By Linda Goldston

Mercury News

Article Launched: 10/06/2008 01:41:56 PM PDT

Special Section

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Oct 6:

New prenatal test may be less risky than amniocentesisAyde Gonzales's mother was surprised when she insisted that her newborn son must sleep on his back, not on his side. Her mother was mystified when Gonzales said no stuffed animals in the crib with young Victor Lee.

And now that Gonzales plans to turn on a fan in her son's room when he is sleeping, she knows her mother will roll her eyes.

Using a fan in a baby's room while the infant is sleeping is the latest recommendation from research on sudden infant death syndrome. Earlier findings have helped reduce the incidence of SIDS by 56 percent.

"It's very different now than when she was raising me," said Gonzales, who lives in Fremont with her husband and 5-month-old son. Her mother cares for Victor Lee while Gonzales is at work.

Findings of the Kaiser Permanente study released Monday suggest that using a fan while a baby is sleeping can reduce SIDS risk by 72 percent, although the fan is to be used in conjunction with recommendations from earlier studies, such as having babies sleep on their backs.

Conducted by the Division of Research of Kaiser Permanente Northern California, the study included 497 infants in 11 counties, including Santa Clara, Alameda, San Mateo and Monterey. There were 185 SIDS death cases in the study.

Scientists still do not know the exact mechanisms that cause SIDS, but this study suggests that a fan circulating air while the baby is sleeping reduces the risk of SIDS primarily because the carbon

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dioxide the baby breathes out is recirculated around the room and not reinhaled by the baby.

The findings are the latest step in research that has helped reduce the incidence of SIDS by 56 percent between 1992 and 2003. There are still about 2,500 SIDS deaths in the United States each year, according to the American SIDS Institute.

Dr. De-Kun Li, the same researcher who found that using a pacifier can also help reduce risk of the syndrome, was lead author of the Kaiser study.

The results are the first to link use of a fan with SIDS prevention but "are consistent with all previous" research findings that "sleep environment matters," Li said.

Li said parents should follow earlier study findings, in addition to this one. That includes having babies sleep on their backs, avoiding soft bedding, using a pacifier and not sharing a bed with other children.

"A fan is not a replacement for the other recommendations," he said.

Linda Gardner of San Mateo is the mother of three sons — ages 9, 6 a

Christina of CA @ Oct 07, 2008 13:17:59 PM

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